xmodmapを使うと、Dvorak配列を実現できます。

$ xmodmap -e "keysym q = colon asterisk"

こうすると、Qキーを普通に押した時にコロン、シフトを押しながら押した時にアスタリスクが入力されるようになります。
これを利用すると、Dvorak配列を実現することができます。

xmodmap  -e "keysym q         = colon     asterisk"
xmodmap  -e "keysym w         = comma     less    "
xmodmap  -e "keysym e         = period    greater "
xmodmap  -e "keysym r         = p         P       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym t         = y         Y       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym y         = f         F       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym u         = g         G       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym i         = c         C       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym o         = r         R       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym p         = l         L       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym at        = slash     question"
xmodmap  -e "keysym a         = a         A       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym s         = o         O       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym d         = e         E       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym f         = u         U       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym g         = i         I       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym h         = d         D       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym j         = h         H       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym k         = t         T       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym l         = n         N       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym semicolon = s         S       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym colon     = minus     equal   "
xmodmap  -e "keysym z         = semicolon plus    "
xmodmap  -e "keysym x         = q         Q       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym c         = j         J       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym v         = k         K       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym b         = x         X       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym n         = b         B       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym m         = m         M       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym comma     = w         W       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym period    = v         V       "
xmodmap  -e "keysym slash     = z         Z       "

便利ですね。

担当：美馬（Windowsだとこんなに簡単じゃないから非常にアレ）